Primary health care has a protective importance for public health. Considering the increasing number of cancer cases in recent years, the society needs to be informed about carcinogenic compounds that can be exposed to foods. One of the substances classified as probable carcinogens for humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and classified in group 2A is acrylamide.
Acrylamide is known as 2-propenamide, ethylene carboxyamide, acrylic amide, vinyl amide; soluble in water, alcohol, diethyl ether and acetone and easily polymerized. Acrylamide; It is thought to be caused by the formation of acrolein or acrylic acid, often caused by degradation of lipid, carbohydrate or free amino acids. According to the Swedish Food Commission, acrylamide in foods; It occurs as a result of the reaction of carbohydrates and amino acids in foods with high temperature (120 ° C). 90 varieties, which are presented for sale in Turkey crackers, biscuits acrylamide levels in the samples was investigated by gas chromatography or mass spectrometry method and the amount of these items 153 to 604 mg / kg was determined. Reliable exposure of acrylamide to food has been reported to be 0.3-0.8 μg / kg / day. It is estimated that the risk of cancer occurring when exposed to 1μg of acrylamide per day is 1 / 100,000.
The health effects of acrylamide are carried by cytochrome-p450 and glutathione peroxidase enzymes with the formation of a compound with hemoglobin due to the reactive of glyamide, the metabolite of acrylamide. In this way, it is thought to affect DNA via the cyp2E1 gene. Therefore; Acrylamide is suggested to be genotoxic, carcinogenic and neurotoxic. As a result; Acrylamide occurs in foods with various mechanisms and its safe exposure level is very low. Monitoring of acrylamide level in food industry is important. Although the carcinogenic effects of acrylamide are known, it has been observed that the level of ready-made foods has not decreased in recent years.Further information is needed on exposure to acrylamide and its epidemiological effects. It is very important to raise awareness of the society against possible carcinogenic substances, especially in primary health care, for the protection and promotion of public health.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Possible Carcinogens, Acrylamide, Community Health
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